The elephant problem in Ruaha National Park, Tanzania.

Abstract

This review paper attempts to provide a comprehensive picture of the elephant over-population problem in Ruaha National Park by drawing together data on elephant numbers, elephant feeding behaviour, and the effects of elephant browsing on woodlands.

Elephant numbers appear to have increased since about 1946 following a change in human distribution and a simultaneous change in the rainfall pattern. Elephants have caused a dramatic reduction in woodland density and there is no regeneration. The arguments for and against six management options are discussed; providing artificial water supplies, improved fire control, reducing human pressures, culling, non-interference, and poaching.